Definition of governance (meta-synthesis of what governance is)

Document Type : reserch

Authors

1 IUST

2 SNDU

3 FGUT

Abstract

Purpose: This research was organized and implemented with the aim of providing a general definition of the previous research - considering that so far, no research has been made available to achieve a general definition of governance in studies inside and outside the country.

Method: This research is developmental in terms of its purpose, and in terms of the nature of the data and the method of analysis, it is among qualitative researches. In this research, research data has been collected and analyzed using meta-synthesis technique. Sandolski and Barroso's seven-step method was used for meta-synthesis. In this research, the unit of registration is documentation (books and articles) and the unit of analysis is the section. From the valid databases, screening was done with the purposeful sampling method and 218 documents (research sample) were selected for analysis. Maxqda 2020 software was used to analyze the themes of the documents. Kappa internal agreement coefficient was used to validate the theme analysis. The calculation of this coefficient was done by Maxqda 2020, which is at the highest level of agreement (= 0.89) based on the analytical criteria used.

Findings: The organizing themes of the concept of governance (dimensions of governance), in order of the frequency of extracted codes from the reviewed sources, are: methods (29.03%), governance actors (26.23%), functions (25.17%), purpose (62 7/%), territory (4.73%), style (4.4%) and value (2.8%). According to these elements, the general definition of governance was done.

Conclusion: According to the exploratory investigations of meta-synthesis, the definition of governance based on its constituent elements is as follows: "Governance is the process of steering the systematic interaction of actors (governmental/non-governmental) in a territory (transnational, national and transnational) through policy making and Regulation (and redistribution) for facilitating and providing (public) services for the realization of collective goals (shared between governmental and non-governmental actors) by exercising legitimate authority within the framework of the ideals and values of that realm.
It is hoped that this general definition will get rid of the ambiguities in the definition of governance and that this new research work will be completed with the action of other researchers to achieve a general definition of the constituent components of the definition of governance.

Keywords

References

امامیان، سید محمدصادق؛ ذوالفقاری، امیراحمد؛ محمدزاده احسان و زمانیان، مرتضی (1397). نظام ملی تنظیم‌گری 1. مفهوم تنظیم‌گری و ارتباط آن با نظام حکمرانی،  گزارش شماره 15940، تهران: دفتر مطالعات اقتصاد بخش عمومی، معاونت پژوهش‌های اقتصادی، مرکز پژوهش‌ها، مجلس شورای اسلامی.
براتلو، فاطمه (۱۴۰۲). شناخت چارچوب مفهومی حکمرانی سازمانی با استفاده از روش فراترکیب، حکمرانی و توسعه، ۳ (۱): ۱۲۱ ـ ۱۴۴.
حجازی فر، سعید؛ رهنورد، فرج اله؛ لطیفی، میثم و طاهرپور کلانتری، حبیب‌الله (1396). بررسی مطالعات حاکمیت اسلامی در ایران با استفاده از روش فراترکیب، مدیریت سازمان‌های دولتی، 6 (1): 63 ـ 82.
عباسی، یونس؛ جمشیدی نوید، بابک و قنبری، مهرداد (1400). بررسی ابعاد حاکمیت شرکتی در پارادایم اسلامی، پژوهش های تجربی حسابداری، 12(42): 187 ـ 210. 
علی‌احمدی، علیرضا؛ غضنفری، مهدی؛ سلیمی، غلامرضا؛ محمدی، حسین و عالی، محمدباقر (1400). فراترکیب روش‌شناسی تحقیق در عملیات نرم در مطالعات حکمرانی، نشریه علمی مدیریت فردا، 20 (67): 231 ـ 244.
کرسول، جان دبیلو (1397). 30 مهارت اساسی که محققین کیفی باید بدانند، ترجمه حمیدرضا یزدانی  و  فاطمه محمدی، تهران: انتشارات نگاه دانش.
کمالی، یحیی (1396). روش‌شناسی فراترکیب و کاربرد آن در سیاستگذاری عمومی، فصلنامه سیاست، 47 (3):721-736. doi: 10. 2059/jpq.2017.62861
کریپندورف، کلوس (1395). مبانی روش‌شناسی: تحلیل محتوا، ترجمه هوشنگ نایبی، تهران: نشرنی. 
کریم میان، زهره؛ محمدی، مهدی؛ قاضی نوری، سید سپهر و ذوالفقارزاده کرمانی، محمدمهدی (1398). طبقه‌بندی ویژگی‌های حکمرانی از طریق شبکه‌های خط‌مشی با استفاده از روش فراترکیب، مدیریت دولتی، 11 (3): 377 ـ 402 .
کلارک، ویکی پلانو و کرسول، جان دبلیو (1390). روش‌های پژوهش ترکیبی، ترجمه علیرضا کیامنش و جاویدسرایی، تهران: نشر آییژ.
محمدی، نعیمه (1398). الگوی حکمرانی مشارکتی با رویکرد نهادی در توسعه انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر در ایران، رساله دکترای مدیریت دولتی (منتشر نشده)، دانشگاه تربیت ‌مدرس، تهران، ایران.
نجفی رستاقی، حیدر و اسمعیلی گیوی، محمدرضا (1401). حکمرانی، رهیافت‌ها و فناوری‌ها، تهران: انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
هولستی، ال. رادولف (1395). تحلیل محتوی در علوم ‌اجتماعی ‌و انسانی، ترجمه نادر سالارزاده امیری، تهران: انتشارات دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی.  
Reference
Abdullah, Mahmoud; Said, Muhammad; Mufraini, Arief (2023). The Systematic Review of Shariah Governance in Islamic Banking System: A Meta-Synthesis Approach. Tapis: Journal Penelitian Ilmiah,6 (2),101-117. https://doi.org/10.32332/ tapis.v6i2.5339.
Ansell, Christopher and Torfing, Jacob (Eds.). Handbook On Theories of Governance. Cheltenham, UK. Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Bevir, Mark (2009). Key Concepts in Governance.California: Sage Publication.
Bevir, Mark (2021). governance. Encyclopedia Britannica.
Bevir, Mark (Editor) (2007). Encyclopedia of Governance. California: Sage Publication.
Bovaird, Tony & Loeffler, Elke. (2003). Evaluating the Quality of Public Governance: Indicators, Models and Methodologies. International Review of Administrative Sciences, (69),313 - 328. 10.1177/0020852303693002.
Colebatch, H.K. (2014). Making sense of governance. Policy and Society, 33 (4), 307-316. DOI: 10.1016/j. polsoc. 2014.10.001
Farazmand, Ali) 2004). Sound Governance Policy and Administrative Innovations. USA: Praeger Publisher.
Gjaltema, Jonna; Biesbroek, Robbert and Termeer, Katrien (2020). From government to governance…to meta-governance: a systematic literature review. Public Management Review, 22 (12), 1760-1780. DOI: 10.1080/14719037.2019.1648697.
Guba, E.G. and Lincoln, Y.S. (1994). Competing paradigms in qualitative research (105 - 117). In: Denzin, N.K. and Lincoln, Y.S. (Eds.). Handbook of Qualitative Research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
Gwet, K.L. (2020). Handbook of inter-rater reliability: The definitive guide to measuring the extent of agreement among raters. Advanced Analytics LLC.
Jreisat, Jamil (2004). Governance in a Globalizing World. International Journal of Public Administration, 27 (13 and 14), 1003 - 29.
Kaufmann, Daniel and Kraay, Aart and Zoido, Pablo (1999). Governance Matters. Policy Research Working Papers. World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-2196.
Klijn, E.H. (2012). Public Management and Governance: a comparison of two paradigms to deal with modern complex problems in D. Levi Faur (Ed.). The handbook of governance. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 201 - 214. 10.1093/oxfordhb/ 9780199560530.013.0014.
Kooiman, Jan (1993). Modern Governance, New Government-Society Interactions. London: Sage Publications. 10.4135/9781446215012.
Kooiman, Jan (2003). Governing as Governance. Sage. 10.4135/9781446215012.
Kooiman, Jan (2010). Governance and Governability. In P. S. Osborne (Ed.), The new public governance: emerging perspectives on the theory and practice of public governance. London| New York: Routledge| Taylor and Francis.
Lachal, Jonathan; Revah-Levy, Anne; Orri, Massimiliano and Moro, Marie Rose (2017). Metasynthesis: An Original Method to Synthesize Qualitative Literature in Psychiatry. Frontiers in psychiatry, 8 (269),1-9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt. 2017.00269.
Lynn, Jr, Laurence, Heinrich, Carolyn and Hill, Carolyn (2000). Studying Governance and Public Management: Challenges and Prospects. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 10. 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a024269.
Malik, Maszlee (2017). Foundations of Islamic Governance, A Southeast Asian Perspective. London: Routledge. Political Studies, XLIV,652 - 667.
Malik, Maszlee (2011). Constructing the architectonics and formulating the articulation of Islamic governance: A discursive attempt in Islamic epistemology. PhD Dissertation, Durham University.
Mayntz, Renate (2022). Steering. In: Ansell, Christopher and Torfing, Jacob (Eds.). Handbook On Theories of Governance (278 - 284). Cheltenham, UK • Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Function. In Merriam-Webster. com dictionary. Retrieved December 3, 2023, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/function
Meuleman, Louis (2008). Public Management and the Metagovernance of Hierarchies, Networks and Markets. Leipzig: Physica-Verlag (A Springer Company).
Mishra, J., & Attri, V. (2020). Governance, Public Service Delivery and Trust in Government. Studies in Indian Politics, 8(2):186 - 202.
Neuendorf, Kimberly. A. (2017). The content analysis guidebook. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
Nikolić, Jelena & Zlatanovic, Dejana. (2018). Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility Synergies: A Systemic Approach. Naše gospodarstvo/Our economy, 64. 36 - 46.
Osborne S. (2010). The new public governance: emerging perspectives on the theory and practice of public governance. London | New York: Routledge | Taylor and Francis.
Peters, B. Guy and Pierre, John (2016). Comparative Governance.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Pierre, John and Peters, B. Guy (2021). An Advanced Introduction to Governance.  Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Radnor, Zoe; Osborne, Stephen and Glennon, Russ (2022). Public management theory. In: Ansell, Christopher and Torfing, Jacob (Eds.). Handbook On Theories of Governance (43-56). Cheltenham, UK • Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Rhodes, R. (1996). The New Governance: Governing without Government. Political Studies, XLIV,652 - 667.
Rhodes, R. A. W. (2000). “Governance and Public Administration”, in Jon Pierre, Debating Governance, Authority, Steering and Democracy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rhodes, R. A. W. (2003). Understanding Governance: Policy Networks, Governance, Reflexivity and Accountability. England: Open University Press.
Salamon, Lester M. (2011). The New Governance and the Tools of Public Action: An Introduction. Fordham Urban Law Journal, 28 (5),1611 - 1674.
Siddiki, Saba (2022). Policy process frameworks. In: Ansell, Christopher and Torfing, Jacob (Eds.). Handbook On Theories of Governance (67-76). Cheltenham, UK | Northampton; MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Stoker, Gerry (1998). ”Governance as Theory: Five Propositions”. International Social Sciences Journal, 50 (1), 17 - 28.
Torfing, Jacob; Bøgh Andersen; Lotte Greve, Carsten and Kurt Klaudi Klausen (2020). Public governance paradigms:  competing and co-existing. UK: Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Torfing, Jacob; Peters, B. Guy; Pierre, Jon and Sørensen, Eva (2012). Interctive Governance.New York: Oxford University Press Inc.
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (1997). Governance for Sustainable Human Development. New York: UNDP.
Weiss, Thomas G. (2000). Governance, Good Governance and Global Governance: Conceptual and Actual Challenges, Third World Quarterly, 21 (5), 195 - 218.
World Bank (2007a). Strengthening the World Bank Group Engagement on Governance and Anticorruption? Strategic Document, March. cited in Gisselquist, Rachel M. (2012). Good Governance as a Concept, and Why This Matters for Development Policy. Working Paper (2012/30, 1 - 36).
Journal of Exalted Governance
Volume 5, Issue 2 - Serial Number 18
Vol. 5, No.18, Summer 2024
September 2024
Pages 63-89

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics